Page 16 - CIBERDEM2016-ENG

In 2016, the groups forming the programmes obtained financing from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, from the Ministry of the Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, as well as from private institutions. The most relevant scientific milestones attained by the Programmes in 2016 are listed below, arranged on the basis of the main objectives for each Programme:
PROGRAMME 1. Epidemiology, genetics and
epigenetics of diabetes mellitus.
Chronic complications and comorbidities
Coordinator: Ángela M Martínez Valverde
EPIDEMIOLOgY OF DIABETES MELLITUS, ITS CHROnIC COMPLICATIOnS AnD
COMORBIDITIES
The [email protected] epidemiological study was furthered to determine the incidence of diabetes in Spain. The field work began in all the zones and has already been completed in the southern zone. The data from the [email protected] study on prevalence has continued to be analysed and the influence of exercise on the risk of diabetes and the prevalence of hypertension has been described (Brugnara et al., PLOS ONE 2016).
Staff participated in a study on the association of the complete genome (gWAS) identifying two new loci of sensitivity to insulin (BCL2 and fAM19A2) and replicating variants associated with the sensitivity insulin (Walford et al., Diabetes 2016).
gEnETICS, EPIgEnETICS AnD EnVIROnMEnTAL FACTORS InVOLVED In THE
DEVELOPMEnT OF DIABETES AnD ITS COMPLICATIOnS
The role of cytoplasmic transporters of fatty acids on the mechanisms inducing resistance to insulin in diverse tissues has been assessed, proving that these contribute to the induction of resistance to insulin on the hepatic level (Bosquet et al., Atherosclerosis 2016).
MOLECULAR MECHAnISMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE APPEARAnCE AnD DEVELOPMEnT OF CHROnIC COMPLICATIOnS OF DIABETES: THERAPEUTIC STRATEgIES
The EUROCOnDOR consortium funded by the European Union was coordinated, and the first clinical trial with neuroprotectors by topical ocular route for treatment of diabetic retinopathy was carried out (Trento et al., Endocrine 2016). It was shown that the neuroinflammation associated with diabetic retinopathy is reduced with GLP-1 analogues (Hernández et al., Diabetes 2016). During the progression of retinopathy in db/db mice there are changes in the polarisation of the microglia from M2 to M1 state, it being proposed that keeping the microglia in M2 state could be a therapeutic approach (Arroba et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 2016). Type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy have been described as having an increase in the burden of cerebral small vessel disease. (Sanahuja et al., Diabetes Care 2016).
A work package has been led in the MOPEAD project (Models of Patient Engagement for Alzheimer’s Disease) funded by IMI-2 to identify type 2 diabetic patients with the greatest risk of developing cognitive deterioration and a study was started in transgenic mice with Tau overexpression.
Biomarkers associated with heart failure in type 2 diabetes have been identified (Alonso et al., Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016).
It has been established that the Alx3 transcription factor is essential in the mechanism preventing congenital malformations during pregnancy in diabetic mothers. (García-Sanz et al., Sci Rep 2017, in press).
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